Seminars in Colon & Rectal Surgery
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 9-14 , March 2011

Management of Cryptoglandular Fistula-in-Ano

  • Joshua I.S. Bleier, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Joshua I. S. Bleier, MD, Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania Hospital/Hospital of the University of PA, 700 Spruce Street, Suite 305, Philadelphia, PA 19,106
    • ,
  • Husein Moloo, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

References 

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  2. Garcia-Aguilar J, Belmonte C, Wong DW, et al. Cutting set on versus two-stage set on fistulotomy in the surgical management of high anal fistula. Br J Surg. 1998;85:243–245
  3. Khafagy W, Omar W, El Nakeeb A, et al. Treatment of anal fistulas by partial rectal wall advancement flap or mucosal advancement flap: a prospective randomized study. Int J Surg. 2010;8:321–325
  4. Wang JY, Garcia-Aguilar J, Sternberg JA, et al. Treatment of transsphincteric anal fistulas: are fistula plugs an acceptable alternative?. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009;52:692–697
  5. Christoforidis D, Pieh MC, Madoff RD, et al. Treatment of transsphincteric anal fistulas by endorectal advancement flap or collagen fistula plug: a comparative study. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009;52:18–22
  6. Abbas MA, Lemus-Rangel R, Hamadani A. Long-term outcome of endorectal advancement flap for complex anorectal fistulae. Am Surg. 2008;74:921–924
  7. Mizrahi N, Wexner SD, Zmora O, et al. Endorectal advancement flap: are there predictors of failure?. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45:1616–1621
  8. Zimmerman DD, Briel JW, Gosselink MP, et al. Anocutaneous advancement flap repair of transsphincteric fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum. 2001;44:1474–1480
  9. Mitalas LE, Gosselink MP, Zimmerman DD, et al. Repeat transanal advancement flap repair: impact on the overall healing rate of high transsphincteric fistulas and on fecal continence. Dis Colon Rectum. 2007;50:1508–1511
  10. Jacob TJ, Perakath B, Keighley MR. Surgical intervention for anorectal fistula. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;5:CD006319
  11. Holzheimer RG, Siebeck M. Treatment procedures for anal fistulous cryptoglandular abscess—how to get the best results. Eur J Med Res. 2006;11:501–515
  12. Quah HM, Tang CL, Eu KW, et al. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing drainage alone vs primary sphincter-cutting procedures for anorectal abscess-fistula. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2006;21:602–609
  13. Garcia-Aguilar J, Belmonte C, Wong DW, et al. Cutting set on versus two-stage set on fistulotomy in the surgical management of high anal fistula. Br J Surg. 1998;85:243–245
  14. Garcia-Aguilar J, Belmonte C, Wong WD, et al. Anal fistula surgery (Factors associated with recurrence and incontinence). Dis Colon Rectum. 1996;39:723–729
  15. Ellis CN, Clark S. Fibrin glue as an adjunct to flap repair of anal fistulas: a randomized, controlled study. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49:1736–1740
  16. Champagne BJ, O'Connor LM, Ferguson M, et al. Efficacy of anal fistula plug in closure of cryptoglandular fistulas: long-term follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum. 2006;49:1817–1821
  17. Rojanasakul A, Pattanaarun J, Sahakitrungruang C, et al. Total anal sphincter saving technique for fistula-in-ano; the ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract. J Med Assoc Thai. 2007;90:581–586
  18. Bleier JI, Moloo H, Goldberg SM. Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract: an effective new technique for complex fistulas. Dis Colon Rectum. 2010;53:43–46
  19. Shanwani A, Nor AM, Amri N. Ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT): a sphincter-saving technique for fistula-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum. 2010;53:39–42
  20. Ellis CN. Outcomes after repair of rectovaginal fistulas using bioprosthetics. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51:1084–1088
  21. Lindsey I, Smilgin-Humphreys MM, Cunningham C, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of fibrin glue vs. conventional treatment for anal fistula. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45:1608–1615
  22. Swinscoe MT, Ventakasubramaniam AK, Jayne DG. Fibrin glue for fistula-in-ano: the evidence reviewed. Tech Coloproctol. 2005;9:89–94
  23. Garcia-Olmo D, Herreros D, Pascual I, et al. Expanded adipose-derived stem cells for the treatment of complex perianal fistula: a phase II clinical trial. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009;52:79–86
  24. Topstad DR, Panaccione R, Heine JA, et al. Combined set on placement, infliximab infusion, and maintenance immunosuppressives improve healing rate in fistulizing anorectal Crohn's disease: a single center experience. Dis Colon Rectum. 2003;46:577–583
  25. Schwartz DA, Wiersema MJ, Dudiak KM, et al. A comparison of endoscopic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and exam under anesthesia for evaluation of Crohn's perianal fistulas. Gastroenterology. 2001;121:1064–1072
  26. Lewis RT, Maron DJ. Anorectal Crohn's disease. Surg Clin North Am. 2010;90:83–97

 Both authors contributed equally to the design, writing, and editing of this review.

PII: S1043-1489(10)00083-7

doi: 10.1053/j.scrs.2010.09.011

Seminars in Colon & Rectal Surgery
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 9-14 , March 2011

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